History of Music video

History of Music Videos

Music videos can be watched through a variety of different ways as technology has progressed over the years through the development of computers, smartphones and gadgets. Music videos are short films integrating a song or story, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. A music video  is primarily made and used to promote the artist and the specific single that they have released. Although music videos were invented before 1980's this is when they came into prominence as this is when the pop genre was founded as well as many artists. Music videos use a wide range styles of film making techniques, including animation, live action filming, documentaries, and non-narrative approaches as an abstract film.

Music videos are more accessible now as internet access is found mostly everywhere which allows fast connection. Music videos are often a hot topic amongst people as they show artists in different narratives which is interesting for fans and viewers. As the internet was was founded internationally in 1995- onwards, this enabled the public to find music videos however at very slow speed and only extremely famous and popular videos. In 2005 Youtube was founded and this was seen as a revolution where music videos were concerned. The public could use youtube to see any music video they wanted whether it be a popular video or a lesser-known artist. Artist's could create their own channels which would contain all of their music making it easy for people to view and listen to songs that they may not have heard from them before. Youtube has also been used as a platform for new artist's to promote their music in order to be founded by record companies and already developed artists.

• Youtube

• MTV
• Music Channels 
• Twitter
• Facebook
• Tumblr
• Smart phone

 

   2013 - One direction- Story of my life

1986- Madonna-True Blue

There is a stark contrast between the two music videos above which is down to the difference in eras within music and the progression of effects and technology.
Madonna's video true blue was out in 1986 where there was a huge development within the music industry as within the 80's MTV was launched as a 24 hour a day music channel enabling music videos to be seen very regularly. MTV went on air in 1981. Madonna’s debut album came just two years later in 1983. Madonna’s style and music and the music video medium offered by MTV were a match made in musical heaven. As a result, the two came of age together in the 80s.

True Blue features Madonna with three dancers and a 1950s car in an all-blue diner. Madonna changes her hairstyle from short-cropped in "Papa don't preach" to a bushy platinum blonde hairdo and sings the song in choreographed moves backed by her dancers. It displays a flashing back to fifties rock and roll youth culture.

The blue background changes to a sunny one as she sings "The sun is bursting right out of the sky" to go-along with the lyrical meaning of the song. 

Madonna focused on more traditional fashion and attitudes and tried to appear more respectful of traditional gender roles. Madonna again adopted a new look for this video.

In contrast to this One direction's new video of 2013 shows the development of technology within the music industry and where music videos are concerned.

The video reconstructs old family pictures which shows production teams ability within creation of sets and special effects in order to entertain an audience. Camera work within the music videos are also extremely different as in One Direction's video the camera films at extremely high levels and in abstract directions which shows the progression in camera equipment .

There is a great contrast between budgets from 1986 and 2013 as the industry has become bigger holding more money to be spent on music videos. There is also a bigger demand for music videos as an audience can understand a song more due to a performance or narrative based music video.

As music videos are very easily accessible in modern day there is a wider target audience than of that in the 80's as there was only a niche audience that were able to constantly watch music videos and also only those interested in watching generally would see them.
The music genre's have developed over the years as new genres have appeared due to the realisation that many people have different tastes in music. 
The pop genre was introduced in the 1950's therefore it is a well-known and easy genre for artists to develop in however other genres such as Indie which was around in 1980's-90's and R'NB which was introduced in the 1980's.

History

In 1926,  "talkies" were introduced which were short musical films. Early 1930s cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on-camera in live-action segments during the cartoons. The early animated films by Walt Disney such as the Silly Symphonies  shorts and especially  which featured several interpretations of classical pieces, were built around music. The Warner Brothers  cartoons such as Looney Toons , were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Brothers musicals . 

Blues singer  Bessie Smith appeared in a two-reel short film called St Louis Blues  (1929) featuring a dramatised performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period. Later, in the mid-1940s, musician Louis Jordan made short films for his songs, some of which were spliced together into a feature film Lookout singer.

In the late 1950s the Scopitone, a visual jukebox, was invented in France and short films were produced by many French artists, such as Serge Gainsbourg, Francoise Hardy , Jacques Brel  and Jacques Duntronc  to accompany their songs. Its use spread to other countries and similar machines such as the Cinebox in Italy and Color-Sonic in the USA were patented.In 1961, for the Canadian show Singalong Jubilee,  Manny Pittson, began pre-recording the music audio, went on-location and taped various visuals with the musicians lip-synching, then edited the audio and video together. Most music numbers were taped in-studio on stage, and the location shoot "videos" were to add variety. In 1964, Kenneth Anger's experimental short film,  Scorpio Rising used popular songs instead of dialog.

In 1964, The Beatles starred in their first feature film  A Hard day's night , directed by Richard Lester. Shot in  black and white  and presented as a mock documentary, it interspersed comedic and dialogue sequences with musical ones. The musical sequences furnished basic templates on which countless subsequent music videos were modeled. It was the direct model for the successful US TV series The Monkees  (1966–1968) which similarly consisted of film segments that were created to accompany various Monkees songs. The Beatles' second feature Help (1965) was a much more lavish affair, filmed in colour in London and on international locations. The title track sequence, filmed in black-and-white, is arguably one of the prime archetypes of the modern performance-style music video, employing rhythmic cross-cutting, contrasting long shots and close-ups, and unusual shots and camera angles, such as the shot near the end of the song, in which George Harrison's left hand and the neck of his guitar are seen in sharp focus in the foreground while the completely out-of-focus figure of John Lennon sings in the background. In 1965, The Beatles began making promotional clips (then known as "filmed inserts") for distribution and broadcast in other countries primarily the USA so they could promote their record releases without having to make in-person appearances


The long-running British TV show Top of the Pops began playing music videos in the late 1970s. BBC placed strict limits on the number of 'outsourced' music videos that Top of the Pops could use. In turn a good music video would increase the sales of a song as viewers anticipated to see it again the following week. In 1980, David Bowie achieved his first UK number one with his eye catching promo for 'Ashes to Ashes'. It included special effects which allowed the visuals to sustain a somewhat cartoon/drawn effect
 

In 1981, the U.S video channel MTV launched, airing "Video killed the radio star " and beginning an era of 24-hour-a-day music on television. With this new outlet for material, the music video would, by the mid-1980s, grow to play a central role in popular music marketing. Many important acts of this period, most notably  Ada, and the Ants , Duran Duran and Madonna who owed a great deal of their success to the skilfull construction and seductive appeal of their videos.

In November 1992, MTV began listing directors with the artist and song credits, reflecting the fact that music videos had increasingly become an auteur's medium. Directors such as Chris Cunningham, Michel Gondry, Spike Jonze, Floria Sigismondi, Stéphane Sednaoui, Mark Romanekand Hype Williams all got their start around this time; all brought a unique vision and style to the videos they directed. Some of these directors, including, Gondry, Jonze, Sigismondi, and F. Gary Gray, went on to direct feature films. This continued a trend that had begun earlier with directors such as Lasse Hallström and David Fincher.

The website iFilm, which hosted short videos, including music videos, launched in 1997. Napster , a peer to peer file sharing service which ran between 1999 and 2001, enabled users to share video files, including those for music videos. By the mid-2000s, MTV and many of its sister channels had largely abandoned showing music videos in favour of reality television shows, which were more popular with its audiences, and which MTV had itself helped to pioneer with the show The real world, which premiered in 1992.

2005 saw the launch of the website Youtube, which made the viewing of online video much faster and easier; Google videos, Yahoo videos, Facebook and myspace video functionality, use similar technology. Such websites had a profound effect on the viewing of music videos; some artists began to see success as a result of videos seen mostly or entirely online. The band OK GO  may exemplify this trend, having achieved fame through the videos for two of their songs, "A million ways" in 2005 and "Here it goes again" in 2006, both of which first became well-known online. 

YouTube has become very popular to view music videos on, allowing artists to market their music to a wider audience. Due to YouTube being free for consumers to view music videos it entices them to experiment with listening to new artists and music of different genres. This will allow an audience to upload their music in order for to gain feedback that will help them improve and progress within the music industry.
The most watched music video on YouTube to date is Psy, Gangnam Style which was uploaded on July 15th 2012. In just over a year it has gained over 1,830,000,00 views. The level of views is extremely shocking due to the fact that Gangnam Style was the first song of artist Psy. This therefore illustrates how important YouTube has become with promoting music videos of artists and enticing viewers to experiment with new and upcoming artists. In addition to this Psy, Gangnam Style topped the number of views by artists such as Justin Bieber, Miley Cyrus and Beyonce, conveying how powerful YouTube is within the music video industry.  

MTV itself now provides streams of artists' music videos, while AOL's recently launched AOL Music features a vast collection of advertising supported streaming videos. The Internet has become the primary growth income market for record company-produced music videos.At its launch, Apple's itunes provided a section of free music videos in high quality compression to be watched via the iTunes application. More recently the iTunes Store has begun selling music videos for use on Apple's iPod with video playback capability.

To further signify the change in direction towards Music Video airplay, MTV officially dropped the Music Television tagline on February 8, 2010 from their logo in response to their increased commitment to non-scripted reality programming and other youth-oriented entertainment rising in prominence on their live broadcast.

Vevo is a music video website launched by several major music publishers in December 2009. The videos on VEVO are syndicated to YouTube, with Google and VEVO sharing the advertising revenue.


Two key innovations in the development of music videos were relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use video recording and editing equipment, and visual effects created with techniques such as image compositing. Image compositing is also publicly known as the use of a green screen. The incorporation of the green screen allows the audience to understand the narrative and concept behind the music video in more depth, providing them with a more enhanced viewing. For example this is shown in Kanye West's music video Bound 2. The green screen will add to the understanding of the narrative and allow the audience to understand the concept of the video and see deeper into the video. This also allows a more enhanced viewing which will excite an audience and they will appreciate the impressive technology that is used.

An artist that became very famous for his progression within music videos is 80's icon Michael Jackson.. Thriller was 14 minutes long and was a breakthrough within the music video industry. The set of the music video set extremely high standards for production having cost $800,000 to film. The video shows a relationship between a young couple ruined by a full moon that turns Michael into a werewolf`.  He gains claws and zombies appear from all over which at the time was terrifying visuals for an audience. Later in the music video a staged dance is performed by the artist and the rest of the zombies. This dance has become one of the most famous routines in the world and has been recreated many a time.
This particular music video along with Black and White were very impressive with their music videos.

 

 

 

 

Music videos have become more effective and impressive due to the amount of special effects that are technically available now. It is most likely that a music video that contains special effects and an enhanced viewing will gain more viewers and also will be talked about more. Special effects can be green screens, lighting, visual duplications etc, all used in order to create a sense of fantasy that repels from reality creating escapism.
A diverse music video will be more likely to use special effects in order to make the video memorable and exciting. Apart from creating diversity, special effects also are popular due to the way in which they make the concept of the video more understanding. One well known music video that incorporates an array of special effects is Rihannas 'We Found Love'. One of the elements the music video includes is a time lapse which focusses the audiences attention on the artist in the music video. A further element incorporated is the projection of images onto a wall of which Rihanna is seen standing in front. These special effects included in her music video allow it to be more visually appealing to viewers which is likely to attract a wider audience.


By researching into the history of music videos I now have a greater understanding into the way videos have been received over the years and how the ways they have succeeded. For example in modern times the use of special effects have made music videos a lot more successful and interesting.

Digipak Reflection

My digipak is conventional to the Indie genre due to the simplicity of the photographs, appearance of the artist and use of fonts and effects.

Some of the images that I have used for the digipak is a shot of the artist in a natural location of an autumn forest. The lighting is naturalistic as the sun is setting and reflecting on the artist creating a magical effect which represents the location as her 'thinking place' in which she reflects on her life and in this case her failing relationship. The bright colours of green, brown and yellows are very clear connoting a peaceful atmosphere which is conventional of the Indie genre as the music is generally laid back rather than that of rock and pop which are energetic. The green  leaves also show growing, nature, freshness and life which symbolise how certain situations have made the artist grow as a person and she yearns for a relationship without the chaos that it entails at the moment. In this image the artist is sitting on the floor showing she is not afraid of getting dirty which shows her appearance is not vital to her and the music is her main focus. 

Our artist has blonde hair that is messy and curly which follows the indie conventions as appearance is not vital within a music video within this genre.
The artist will also wear bold red lipstick which is conventional to the indie genre as it shows individuality and having the confidence to stand out and be different. Many artist from the indie genre will wear bold lipstick to stand out as they are known for their quirky style. The artist also wears minimal make up of subtle brown and earthy colours with provides the audience with naturalistic visuals. This will provide the audience with a relationship with the artist as she will remind them of a typical teenager and they will see her as a 'friend' they can relate to.

She wears a red beanie hat which connotes passion for the music and the person in which she is singing about. Instruments are very conventional to Indie genre as they show an interest in creating music and sounds and furthermore they show raw music that has not been edited within a recording studio. I have chosen to use a childlike font for the artist's name to show the child within the artist showing her fun and exciting side.

The image of the daisy is seen throughout my digipak as it symbolises the artist's name however it also has innocent and purity connotations showing the feminine side of the artist.

I think our target audience of females between the ages of 16-21 will find this relaxing and simple digipak enticing due to the bright colours making it visually pleasant. The artist is seen to be very attractive in these images therefore a female audience will look up to her as a role model and will therefore find herself and her music more interesting.

The welcome page of the digipak contains a message from the artist thanking everyone who helped her in the process of making the video. She also says that the album is full of personal songs which will help the artist create a relationship with the audience as they will enjoy more emotive and personal songs. I chose to use a white italic font to also show a feminine and innocent side to the artist. The style of writing is also sophisticated as this dialogue is a mature message from the artist in order to thank the audience as well as the production team. The image used for the welcome pack shows the artist looking at the camera with enticing eyes showing a serious yet pretty face.

For the actual cd's I have chosen to have quite simple visuals. I have chosen to place the images on a black background as I felt a white background would be too dull. The first cd I have chosen to include four of the symbolic daisy's that run through the ancillary project. The second cd I have also chosen a black background with four images of a guitar. This is a simple design however the image of the guitar is very conventional to the Indie genre. The artist will be seen holding a guitar for many scenes within the music video which is conventional to the Indie genre as their passion for music would have generally stemmed from a love of an instrument. It is also conventional as music within the indie genre usually use many instruments to create their sounds. An audience will also appreciate the guitar as it shows the artist's musical talents and the fact that she is responsible for the sound of the song increasing the entertainment factor.

The third cd I have included is an image of the artist along with an image of a a pair of lips showing the feminist side of the artist. The image of the artist is a high angle image showing the artist looking up to the camera. The artist is seen to be looking towards the future within her career as this her first album. the lips connote passion and relationships which are shown within our specific music video and Daisy's other singles.

One of the slides of the digipak  is an image used for this is one from the music video. The image shows the couple laughing and joking at one of the video locations of the skate park. The couple look comfortable with each other therefore will entice the young female target audience as they will enjoy listening to songs about relationships as they will be able to relate. The daisy's are also shown within this slide in order to keep the theme running through.

This image of the artist shows her to be attractive yet with a serious face showing that the album may include songs of a serious nature that show the artist's most deepest thoughts and feelings. The casual clothes that she wears shows her laidback attitude towards her style showing that the music is her main priority. The daisy which is situated to the left of the artist is the symbol that is seen throughout the digipak to connote the innocence and purity of the artist. The naturalistic background is conventional to the Indie genre as it shows the low budget setting. The leaves and trees also show growth which the artist is doing within her career.

This image also shows the artist deep in thought however the sun Is shining on her face which may connote brightness and hope for any problems that the artist may be facing within her songs. The thank you message is in italic white writing showing the innocent and feminine personality of the artist. In the background of the image there is a path which can be seen as the career path in which the artist is about to follow.

This cd design is conventional to the Indie genre due to the instrument. The guitar is seen four times showing the importance of the music. The black background gives the opportunity for the instruments to be seen more clearly.

If I was to make changes within the digipak I would do more research on the meaning of fonts and choose a font that would fit the music video and genre more. I would take more time with choosing colours in order for them to show certain emotions and themes. After building my skills on photo shop I would be able to create more enticing images with effects and more detailed images.

Magazine Advert Reflection

How did you use your research into magazine adverts to start planning your own?

In order to create an effective magazine advert, my group and i had to do a lot of research into other artist's from the Indie genre's adverts for inspiration and ideas.
The main two adverts that I analysed and took ideas from was our original artist Nina Nesbitt's tour advert and Ellie Goulding's album advert.
I found Nina's appearance in her advert was very fitting for our chosen artist as it connotes the laid back attitude in which we want to show for our artist Daisy. The miss-match of her clothing shows  that she has pulled the outfit together which shows her laid-back attitude to life which is conventional of the indie genre. She is not concerned with her appearance which may suggest she is more concerned with the music that she is making and performing. This is the kind of profile that we would like to create for our artist.
However in turn I feel that the close up shot and structure of Ellie Goulding's magazine advert for Light's is very effective as Ellie is the main focus of the advert as the only image present is that of a close up of the artist. The picture is large and in the centre of the advert. Furthermore Ellie's eyes are looking away from the camera which shows she may be in thought. This could suggest that the album will hold songs of emotion and feelings of her own however lack of eye contact may hinder the chance of a relationship between the audience and the artist.

What are your ideas and inspirations behind your paper design?

My ideas for the magazine advert was to have a close up shot of the artist in her signature beanie hat, messy blonde hair, red lipstick and a nose ring. I think a close up shot of the artist shows how she is the central focus in turn standing out to the reader within a magazine. I was inspired by Ellie Goulding's magazine advert for her album 'Lights' which shows Goulding from the shoulders upwards surrounded by lights which make face shadowed creating mystery. Instead of lights, I have decided to surround the artist face with daisy's to represent the artist's stage name being 'Daisy'. The flowers will become a symbol for the artist and can be used throughout her promotional factors within her career. 

I have also decided to put a blue shoestring around the artist's face which I think represents the chaotic relationship in which she sings about. Shoestrings can be difficult to grasp when you are first learning to tie them and I think this is a metaphor for how the young couple are trying to make their relationship work. The shoestring is blue which can depict sadness and trouble, however as it intertwines the daisy's it shows there is hope for the couple as the daisy's represent happiness and a fresh start.
The red beanie hat that the artist wears in the image represents her casual attire suggesting that the artist doesn't take herself and her image too seriously. Nowadays I feel that young girls look up to artist's that are less concerned about image, and more about personality and music as they are more relatable to a young audience therefore they can form a better relationship with the artist.
The messy blonde hair is also designed this way in order to show the artist laid back attitude towards her appearance in order to make her seem less superior to the intended target audience.


I have designed the artist's mouth to be a central point within the advert as she is pulling an awkward face with her mouth which shows her cheeky and childish side making her seem fun-loving and exciting. The awkward face will suggest that the artist makes mistakes as many young people do and this is unique and unconventional of general artist's however conventional of artists from the Indie genre as they are not normally seen to be perfect and flawless as they are in genre's such as RnB and Pop.
The red lipstick that I have chosen for the artist to wear shows passion, excitement and charisma which are all feelings she has for her music.

How will this help you with creating it on photoshop?

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  My first design in which I created, was the first one. It was also the first time that I had used photoshop therefore this design is extremely basic. In the process of making this design I was also getting to grips with certain tools within photoshop such as importing pictures, blurring and making pictures bigger and smaller.
      For this advert I have chosen a close up of the artist in comparison to my other design where a medium shot is used. The close up shows in detail her facial expression, makeup and hair portraying feelings and emotions as well as artist image.
     Magazine number 1 is conventional to the Indie genre due to the simplicity of the advert. The image of the artist is a close up which shows the artist as the central focus and therefore will draw an audience's attention to her.

     I think that magazine advert design number 2 is conventional to the Indie genre as the artist is seen to have a laid back image shown by her casual clothes. The denim shirt and red beanie hat show a quirky side to the artist showing her as individual which will appeal to a young audience as they will appreciate someone who is different. The artist is also holding a guitar which is conventional to the indie genre as instruments are a central focus of the Indie genre as the music sounds within the genre usually come from instruments rather than music made on programmes such as garageband. This gives Indie music a raw and fresh vibe showing that an Indie artist is true to themselves and does not change for the stage such as artists within the pop genre.
i     I have included neutral colours to connote the fresh and real atmosphere, which is also the reason for the vast amount of daisy flowers. The flowers denote the name of the artist however the also symbolise purity, innocence, loyalty and patience. These qualities are all shown within the music video from the artist as she deals with her boyfriend who seems to be under the influence of alcohol and drugs. The different sizes of the Daisy's suggests how big or small the flower is it is still beautiful and this relates to the relationship within the music video as their relationship has many problems, big and small, however the artist never gives up trying to save it.
      The artist is the central image of the advert showing her importance and making sure that the audience is drawn to her when flicking through a magazine. The artist also makes eye contact with the camera which will also grab the attention of an audience as a relationship is instantly created. the artist is also smiling sweetly therefore this will also create a relationship with the audience as she is portrayed as friendly and approachable therefore will be seen as likeable. I have used Goodwin's theory within my magazine advert as the visuals match the lyrics of the song. For example I have included a shoestring in the advert to link to the song title 'Nose rings and shoe strings'. The shoe string is red which depicts passion and anger which is representative of the chaotic relationship within the music video. The shoe string is also tied in a bow showing that the artist can make the simplest of things beautiful and appealing, which shows that she can save her boyfriend and make their relationship worthy.
i
     The paper design has helped when creating on photoshop as it gives us an outline for the actual design however i have made some changes. The first change I have made was the camera shot of the artist. Originally the shot was a close up of the artist which I felt would appeal to and entice an audience however as I wanted to include an instrument which is conventional to the indie genre I have chosen to use a mid shot of the artist. The mid shot shows the artist's image more clearly and also the way in which she is playing the guitar. Another change I made was the place and colour of the shoestring. I felt a red shoestring would be more appropriate as it connotes anger and passion and this is the kind of atmosphere in which I wish to portray. I also placed it at the bottom of the page rather than around the artist as it shows simplicity rather than having too much on the page resulting in a 'messy' advert.

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Photoshoot

Why is it important to carry out a photoshoot, especially when creating a digipak and magazine advert?

It is important to carry out a photoshoot when creating a digipak and magazine advert in order to capture certain images that relate to the specific genre of the music video. A photoshoot will enable a specific time slot specifically dedicated to getting photographs that can be used for promotional media. However in the case of myself and my groups video we have decided to take images during performance and narrative elements within filming in order to get naturalistic shots that are conventional to the Indie genre.

What images did you take and why? variety of shots that can be used

Although we did not carry out an official photoshoot we took pictures of the artist and the surroundings during filming. We all agreed to do this because images associated with the Indie genre are generally natural and unplanned as the music is the central focus rather than appearance. Therefore we took pictures during intimate scenes of the artist and her love interest and scenery such as the forest location.
After filming we chose to take the artist to different locations to take pictures. These locations included a field , brick wall and forest in order to show the simplicity Indie genre as they are usually made on small budgets.

We also took a picture of a daisy to represent the artist's name which is 'Daisy'. We also did not conduct a photoshoot as we wanted to take pictures within the action of the video to show an instant relationship between the promotional images and the actual music video. In order to not confuse our target audience, we used images of the same two characters within the music video so that the entire media package flows and links together.

Where will your images be used and why?

The images that we have taken will be used for both the digipak and the music advert. Images are necessary within these promotional media elements because they intend to draw the attention of the target audience and wider if possible. Images need to be used on the music advert because an audience will need to know who the artist is that the information refers to although in some cases images of the artist are not always included therefore images that represent and symbolise the artist's music and personality will be used instead. The magazine advert will be seen when an audience are sitting down taking time to read through a magazine therefore the advert will need to be eye catching in order for the reader to not flick past. Therefore the images will need to be bold and stand out from the vast amount of other adverts within the magazine. As our chosen genre is Indie we have the ability to use diverse pictures which will show individuality.
Images will be used on the digipak as these images will represent the music which is on the album/single. The images need to promote the artist fully as an audience buying will have to trust the packaging as they cannot listen to the album before they buy it. The images that we intend to use will show the artist so an audience will remember her and make connections between her and her music. As we are given four picture spaces, we have the opportunity to show different sides to the artist and her music showing she has the ability to sing different songs and show her many strengths within singing.

 The images we have taken will be used for our magazine advert and our digipak. This is so that our ancillary products appeal to the target audience of our artist. Including an image of our artist on these particular products allows the audience to become aware of who the artist is and they can begin to build a relationship with them prior to listening to their music. Images are assist in representing the artist to the audience as it provides them with an insight into the artists personality through their appearance, i.e, clothes and facial expressions/body language



How are your images conventional to your genre?

1. One of the images that we have used for a section of the digipak is a shot of the artist in a natural location of an autumn forest. The lighting is naturalistic as the sun is setting and reflecting on the artist creating a magical effect which represents the location as her 'thinking place' in which she reflects on her life and in this case her failing relationship. The colours of orange, brown and yellows are very clear connoting a peaceful atmosphere which is conventional of the Indie genre as the music is generally laid back rather than that of rock and pop which are energetic. The green  leaves also show growing, nature, freshness and life which symbolise how certain situations have made the artist grow as a person and she yearns for a relationship without the chaos that it entails at the moment. In this image the artist is sitting on the floor showing she is not afraid of getting dirty which shows her appearance is not vital to her and the music is her main focus. She wears a red beanie hat which connotes passion for the music and the person in which she is singing about. Instruments are very conventional to Indie genre as they show an interest in creating music and sounds and furthermore they show raw music that has not been edited within a recording studio.

This picture is conventional to the Indie genre as the artist is standing in front of a brick wall which reminds the audience of busking, which symbolises a love for music showing Nina's passion. The brick wall is also a simple location which would not have needed to be paid to use therefore this is conventional to the Indie genre as most Indie music videos are known for their low budget videos. The artist's appearance is also conventional to the Indie genre as her hair is messy and blonde showing a pretty effortless look which is common of Indie artist's as the music is the main focus. The artist also wears a bright multi-coloured top which shows her fun personality, teamed with a denim jacket giving the look an edgy and quirky vibe. The guitar is conventional to the Indie genre as instruments are a vital part of Indie music.

This image is conventional to the Indie genre as the surroundings of the field show also show a simplistic location. The horses are also conventional as the show the artist is at one with nature showing her lack of interest in materialistic such as artists within R'N'B music videos or pop videos. The guitar and outfit are the same as previous pictures therefore are conventional to the Indie Genre. The artist is looking into the distance showing a train of thought which is conventional to the Indie genre because many songs within the genre are written by the artists and are personal to the individual due to a past relationship or event.



How do the images portray the artist and how does it appeal to your target audience

1. In picture one the artist is portrayed as a natural individual which follows star dyers theory of being youthful and holding realistic qualities in order for an audience to relate to her and create a relationship. Her messy blonde hair shows a quirky sense of style as she has not styled it showing her appearance is not something that concerns her. Although we intend for males to enjoy the artist's music we do not plan on sexualising the artist in order to gain male attention. Therefore we do not intend to follow Goodwin's theory of showing shots that particularly show voyeuristic treatment of the female body. As our target audience is young females between the ages of 16-21, this shot shows the artist reminiscing on her current relationship which many girls can relate to therefore the artist will instantly gain the like-ability factor as girls find comfort in listening to music that mirrors their own life.

This image shows the artist against a gate showing a rural environment which is conventional to the Indie genre along with the other following pictures. The artist wears opaque black tights to show that she does not use her sexuality to promote herself. The floral dress shows her feminism which is juxtaposed with the edgy boots showing her empowerment as a female.

Filming Schedule

Filming Schedule

A shooting schedule is a project plan of each day's shooting for a film production. It is normally created and managed by the assistant director, who reports to the production manager managing the production schedule. Both schedules represent a timeline stating where and when production resources are used.

A film schedule is important to have because it provides organization for the group which will ensure the filming process runs smoothly. Also having a schedule saves time, as there is no discussing between shots about which shot to shoot as it has already been decided. The schedule also lets everybody in the production team know when they are needed and what they should be doing. A filming schedule enables all the members of the production team to understand their roles within that days tasks and allow them to know what they have to do.

 

As a group we followed the film schedule as much as we possibly could so that the filming process of our music video would be executed with ease. However during the filming process on a number of occasions we faced a number of obstacles that meant we were unable to film, such as the weather. This therefore put our filming plans behind schedule, but due to our detailed filming schedule we produced we were able to catch up with our filming anticipations with ease. This meant that the quality of our footage, and overall our music video would not be affected.

We had to make some changes due to our actors not being able to make the date or the setting in which we wanted to film not being available.

Analysis of Magazine advert

A magazine advert is created in order to promote an artist's single, album or tour dates. The advert will need to include elements that will entice an audience.

Nina Nesbitt is known for her quirky and indie image which is shown here by her appearance of clothing and makeup
She is a teenage girl who is portrayed to be quirky and to have her own individual style. By having a female like this it will attract a target audience of young girls as many try to experiment in their teenage years, especially with fashion.
. The miss-match of her clothing shows  that she has pulled the outfit together which shows her laid-back attitude to life which is conventional of the indie genre. She is not concerned with her apparence which may suggest she is more concerned with the music that she is making and performing. The oversized jumper shows that she does not wear clothes to assentuate her figure which is unconventional for many young girls which may suggest that she is not a 'girly girl' which makes her interesting and different. The denim shorts show a casual sense of style and also that she is comfortable with her body and her legs even though very little skin is showing in the advert. This shows how Nina doesn't use sexuality to promote her image which is conventional of the Indie genre as the central focus is the music.

 Her hair is also blonde and messy which also shows how does not care about being pristine and the music is the most important thing. She has dark roots which also shows her natural hair colour, which may dipict that she may see her natural hair as boring and therefore dyes it to be more exciting. Nina is looking directly at the camera which creates eye contact between herself and the audience. This will start to build a relationship which will aid the artist is selling songs and her image.
Nina's choice of aqua colours may also suggest a calm atmosphere depicting that Nina's music is chilled and easy to listen to. The colour blue and green especially of the shade used in this advert are not particularly attracting for an audience therefore this shows how Nina does not intend to attract a mainstream audience and in turn a niche particular audience who enjoy music from the Indie genre. The green, blue and cream are colours that do not necessarly compliment eachother therefore a sense of chaos is created visually thereofre this shows Nina's music is not boring and of the ordinary.

The structue of the advert is very simplistic as Nina is a up and coming artist
and therefore the advert needs to be clear as to who she is and when she will be performing. Nina is positioned to the left of the advert but as her profile is the only image she is still the central focus of the advert. I feel that only one image of her is included because as a new artist she does not want to give too much away about her music of herself therefore it will create mystery and people will make an effort to see what she is all about at these small venues. The places in which Nina is stated to perform are small venues which show that Nina is still not as well known as some other artist within the Indie genre such as Ellie Goulding and Ed Sheeran.


The biggest font present on the advert is that of Nina's name which is all in capital letters therefore this shows that she is the central focus and the audience will remember her name. The colour of her name is white which may connote innocence and purity which shows that she is a respectable artist however the slanted font may suggest that she can be rebellious at times. The italic font and different size of the letters are representative of children's writing which shows the child within Nina which makes her fun and enticing.

 Nina is standing in front of a brick wall which reminds the audience of busking, which symbolises a love for music showing Nina's passion. The brick wall is also a simple location which would not have needed to be paid to use thereofore this is conventional to the Indie genre as most Indie music videos are known for their low budget videos. Nina has a niche target audience due to her indie music and this advert will appeal to them due to it being specific to the Indie genre due to its images, colours and fonts.

This advert promotes Nina as the Indie artist that she is and also shows the audience her style and personality which is shown through her music. The advert gives the audeince an insight into what will be seen and heard at the performances at the chosen venues shown on the advert.

Ellie Goulding is a very similar artist to Nina Nesbitt as she is an artist from the Indie genre and their image is also similar. The artist is represented as magical and mystical in this advert which shows that her music is carefree and easy to listen to as is Nina Nesbitt's. Ellie is seen as a natural beauty within the industry and this is shown through her minimal make up and her hair is also messy and not styled which follows the conventions of indie genre because artist's image is not as important as the music. the minimal amount of skin shows that Ellie also doesn't use sexuality in order to promote herself. As Ellie is an older artist who has been in the industry longer than Nina she is well known and no longer needs to wear eccentric clothing in her promotional adverts in order to show her personality.


She is surrounded by little glittery lights which may connote the way in which she has become successful within her singing career as stars represent success. This could also show that she has an aura about her which gives her the likability factor.The lights also show she is the central focus of the advert as they surround her image which has been enlarged to present her authority. Ellie's face is also shadowed which also shows a mysterious side to her. This may also be the reason for her black attire which also shows maturity which may suggest that Ellie has discovered a new sound which is more mature than her previous singles.

Ellie is the main focus of the advert as the only image present is that of a close up of the artist. The picture is large and in the centre of the advert. Furthermore Ellie's eyes are looking away from the camera which shows she may be in thought. This could suggest that the album will hold songs of emotion and feelings of her own however lack of eye contact may hinder the chance of a relationship between the audience and the artist.


 Ellie's name is written in capital letters and also has a gold shine to it. The colour gold represents wealth, success and power. This shows Ellies' success from previous album's and therefore shows her as an artist who is maybe now attracting a wider mainstream audience rather than her previous niche audience. The font also looks as though it would be seen at a concert which shows how Ellie has 'made it' within the music industry and is now a star. There is a running theme of lights throughout the music video which relates to the title of the album. Light is seen as a necessity and is important to everyone in everyday life therefore this could suggest that this album is so good that an audience will need it in their life and feel it is a necessity. This advert also includes reviews of the album which is very beneficial for the artist as it shows an audience successful business' feedback. Star ratings are also given which give the audience an idea of how entertaining the album is plus a small comment which describes the album.

The image on the advert is that of Ellie Goulding's album cover. This informs the audience that the songs she will be singing at her performance will be from that album. This also may inform the audience that the performance she is doing is to promote her album to her fans and also any potential future fans. The image included on the advert also provides the audience with an array of connotations which may relate to the songs that are on her album. This means that they can understand the deeper meaning behind her songs and in turn enjoy her music at a higher level. In addition to this the image used on the advert means the audience become aware of the idea that she is a reserved individual and only presents her feelings through her music. 

Ellie Goulding is promoted through the advert as the audience receive an insight into the band and their music. The image of the advert is highly significant in allowing the audience to understand more surrounding Ellie  herself, which is due to the fact she is not seen giving eye contact to the audience. This adds an element of secrecy to her music which is further determined by the background she is seen standing in front. It evokes that her music may somewhat deter the indie genre in some way, and in addition may contain vital information regarding her true feelings behind the music

This advert promotes Ellie Goulding as an Indie artist who is breaking conventions and attracting a wider audience now that she has become successful within her music career.

I feel that both the adverts attract their audiences well therefore I will include some elements from each advert for my own artist magazine advert. For example I will include a bold and big font for the artist's name in order for it to attract an audience and make the name memorable. Certain colours for the font also can connote certain emotions/characteristics of the artist. Therefore I think I will choose a calm colour such as blue or white to show how our artist is from the Indie genre and their music is easy to listen to.